According to the latest Census, held in 2013, the West Herzegovina Canton has about 94,898 inhabitants, out of which 47,587 are women and 47,311 men. National structure of the Canton consists of about 98% Croats and 2% other nationalities. The average age of the population in the West Herzegovina Canton is 38.51 years.

Commerce of the West Herzegovina Canton has been one of the most stable economies in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the past several years. Private initiative and entrepreneurial spirit characterize the commerce in this Canton, which has resulted in the creation of new jobs. In the commerce of the West Herzegovina Canton, service and production can be particularly noted. Trade, as the most prominent branch of the economy of this Canton encompasses 42.4% of enterprises, employing 44% of the total number of employees and accounting for 60% out of total income of the Canton. The Canton abounds in agricultural areas. Out of the total area, 30,000 hectares are used as agricultural land, while 84,000 hectares are forest and forest land. The Canton has large possibilities for production in vegetable-growing, fruit-growing and viticulture. Capacities for milk and meat processing also exist. According to the Federal Bureau of Employment, 18,345 persons were employed in the West Herzegovina Canton at the end of 2017, which is by 178 more than at the end of 2016.